SCIENTIFIC
DATING OF THE MAHABHARAT WAR
by Dr. P.V. VARTAK
(16th OCTOBER 5561 B.C.)
INTRODUCTION
____________
The Mahabharat has excercised a continuous and pervasive influence on
the Indian mind for milleniums.
The Mahabharat, orginally written by Sage Ved Vyas in Sanskrut, has been
translated and adapted into numerous languages
and has been set to a variety of interpretations. Dating back to "remote antiquity", it is still a living force in the life of the Indian masses.
Incidently, the dating of the Mahabharat War has been a matter of challenge and controversy for a century or two. European scholars have maintained that the events described in the ancient Sanskrut texts are imaginary and subsequently, the Mahabharat derived to be a fictitiou tale of a war fought between two rivalries. Starting
from the so_called Aryan invasion into
Bharat, the current Bharatiya chronology starts from the compilation of the Rigved in 1200 B.C., then come other Ved's, Mahaveer Jain is born, then Gautam Buddha
lives around 585 B.C. and the rest follows. In the meantime, the Brahmanas, Samhi_
tas, Puranas, etc. are written and the thought contained therein is well_absorbed among the
Hindu minds. Where does the Ramayan
and Mahabharat fit in ? Some say
that the Ramayan follows Mahabharat and some opine otherwise. In all this anarchy of Indian
histography, the date of the Mahabharat (the mythical story!)
ranges between 1000 B.C.to 300 B.C. Saunskrut epics were academically attacked occasionally _ an attempt to disprove the authencity of the annals
noted therein. For example, the European Indologiest Maxmuller, tried the interpret
the astronomical evidences
to prove that the observations recorded in the Hindu scriptures are imaginary, probably because it did not match the prevelant
views of European historians!
On the contrary, many Bharatiya scholars have vehemently maintained the
actual occurance of the Mahabharat War. Astronomical and literary evidences or clues from the Pauranic and Vaidik texts
have been deciphered to provide
a conclusive date for the Mahabharat War. The fifth century mathematician, Aryabhatta, calculated the date of the Mahabharat War to be approximately
3100 B.C. from the planetary positions recorded in the Mahabharat. Prof. C.V. Vaidya and Prof. Apte had derived the date to
be 3101 B.C. and Shri. Kota Venkatachalam reckoned it to be 3139 B.C. However, the astronomical data used by the above, and many
other, scholars contained some errors as examined by a scholar from Pune, Dr. P.V. Vartak. Using astronomical references and variety
of other sources, Dr. Vartak has derived the date of the initiation of the Mahabharat War to be 16th October 5561 B.C. This proposed date has been examined by a few scholars and has been verfied.
This may prove to be a break_through in deciding the chronology of the events in the history of Bharat (and probably the World).
In the following few posts, I have made an attempt to provide a glance at
the proofs provided by Dr.
Vartak in propounding the date of the very important landmark in the history of Bharat (World?), i.e., Mahabharat War. Only
major points have been extracted from two sources: Dr.P.V. Vartak's Marathi book "Swayambhu" and "Scientific Dating of the
Mahabharat War" in English.
INSCRIPTIONS
____________
Some scholars rely on the various inscriptions found in the temples and elsewhere to fix the date of Mahabharat War. If there is no other alternative then this method is tolerable, otherwise it is not reliable because all the known inscriptions are dated as far back as
400 AD. Those who prepared those inscriptions were not conversant with
the scientific methods available now in the modern Science Age. So, why should we depend on the conjectures of the
ancient people? Why not use scientific methodology to come to the conclusion ourselves? I will prefer the use of the modern scientific ways to fix the date of Mahabharat War rather than to
rely on the Inscriptions which are vague and inconclusive. Let us examine two famous inscriptions always quoted by the scholars.
AIHOLE INSCRIPTION
__________________
All the scholars have relied on this inscription found in the Jain Temple at Aihole prepared by one Chalukya King Pulakeshi. It says, according to scholars, that the temple was constructed in 30+3000+700+5 = 3735 years, after the Bharat War
and 50+6+500 = 556 years of Shaka era in Kali era. Today Shaka era is 1910. Hence 1910_ 556 = 1354 years ago the temple was constructed. Thus
the year of inscribing this note is 634 AD. At this time 3735 years had passed
from the Bharat War. So the date of the War comes to 3101 BC. This is also the
date of Kali Yuga Commencement. Naturally, it is evident that relying on the beginning of Kaliyuga Era and holding that the
War took place just before the commencement of Kaliyuga, this inscription is prepared.
It is obvious from the Mahabharat that the War did not happen near about the beginning of Kaliyuga. (I have considered this problem fully at a later stage.) If
we can see that the inscription is prepared by relying on some false assumption, we
have to neglect it because it has
no value as an evidence. Moreover the interpretation done by the scholars is doubtful because they have not considered the clauses separately and they
held Bharat War and Kali Era as one and the same.
The verse inscribed is :
Trinshatsu Trisahasreshu Bhaaratdahavaditaha | Saptabda Shatayukteshu
Gateshwabdeshu Panchasu | Panchashatasu Kalaukale Shatasu Panchashatsu
cha | Samatsu Samatitasu Shakaanamapi Bhoobhujaam ||
I would like to interprete the verse considering the clauses of the verse. It says "3030 years from the Bharat War" in the first line,
(Trinshatsu Trisahasreshu Bhaaratdahavaaditaha) where the first clause oF the sentence ends. in the second line, the second clause starts and runs upto the middle
of the third line thus (Saptabda.....Kalaukale) This means 700+5+50 = 755 years passed in the Kali Era. The remaining third clause is ( Shatasu).
Here the verse does not specifically say the Shalivahan Shaka but Scholars have taken granted that it is Shalivahan Shaka without any base
or reasoning. The verse may have mentioned some other Shaka kings from ancient era. So we we neglect the doubtful part of the Shaka counting which is useless and adhere
to the Kali era expressly mentioned. It is clear from the former portion
of the verse that 3030 years passed from the Bharat War and 755 years passed from Kali Era. Kali Era started from 3101 BC. 755 years have passed so 3101_755 = 2346 BC is the year when 3030 years
had passed from the Bharat War.
So 2346+3030 = 5376 BC appears to be the date of Bharat War.
HISSE BORALA INSCRIPTION OF DEVA SENA
_____________________________________
This inscription is of 5th century AD and scholars hold that it throws light
on the time of Mahabharat War. It states. that Saptarshis were in Uttara
at the time of this inscription.
Scholars hold that
Saptarshis were in Magha at the time of Yudhishthira because Varahmihira has stated so in Brihat_Samhita. Scholars also hold that Yudhishthira's time is
3137 BC. Saptarshis stay in one Nakshtra for 100 years, and there are 27 Nakshatras.
Hence Saptarshis would be again in Magha 2700 years later during 4th century BC. From here if
we count upto 5th century AD there fall eight
Nakshatras. Hence in the 5th century AD, Saptarshis should be
in Anuradha and not Uttara.
From Anuradha to Uttara Ashadha there is adifference of five Nakshatras, while from Anuradha to Uttara
Phalguni there is a difference of six Nakshatras.
So it is quite evident that at the
time of Yudhisthira Saptarshis were not
in Magha as held by the scholars.
Here I have shown a mistake of five to six hundreds of years. Moreover, there are three 'Uttaras' and the inscription has not stated specifically
which Uttara it denotes. Thus this source is
unreliable and should be rejected.
I have considered Saptarshi Reckoning in details at a later stage on page 11. While going to examine the sources scientifically, I shall give the honour of the first place to Astronomy. One may question that how
far Astronomy was advanced in those olden days? I say affirmatively that Astronomy was far advanced in the ancient times,
and the ancient Indian
sages had perfected the science of time measurement relying on Astronomy.
GREEK RECORDS
_____________
1. "The Greek Ambassodor Magasthenis has recorded that 138 generations have
passed between Krishna and Chandragupta Maurya. Many scholars have taken this evidence, but taking only 20
years per generation they fixed the date of Krishna as 2760 years before Chandragupta.
But this is wrong because the record is not of ordinary people to take 20 years per
generation. In the matter of general public, one says that when a son is born a new generation starts. But in the case of
kings, the name is included in the list of Royal Dynasty only after his coronation to the throne. Hence, one cannot allot
20 years to one king. We have to find
out the average per king by calculating on various Indian Dynasties.
I have considered 60 kings from various dynasties and calculated the average of each king as 35 years. Here is a list of some
of important kings with the no. of years ruling.
Chandragupta Mourya 330_298 B.C. 32
years.
Bindusar
298_273 B.C. 25 years.
Ashok
273_232 B.C. 41 years.
Pushyamitra Shunga 190_149 B.C. 41
years.
Chandragupta Gupta 308_330 A.D. 22
years.
Samudragupta
330_375 A.D. 45 years.
Vikramaditya
375_414 A.D. 39 years.
Kumargupta
414_455 A.D. 41
years.
Harsha
606_647 A.D. 41 years.
_________
327 years.
The average is 327/9 = 36.3 years.
Multiplying 138 generations by 35 years we get 4830 years before Chandragupta
Mourya. Adding Chandrgupta's date 320 B.C. to 4830 we get 5150 B.C. as the date of Lord Krishna.
2. Megasthenis, according to Arian, has written that between Sandrocotus to Dianisaum 153 generations and 6042 years passed. From this
data, we get the average of 39.5 years per king. From this we can calculate 5451 years for
138 generations. So Krishna
must have been around 5771 B.C.
3. Pliny gives 154 generations and 6451 years between Bacchus and Alexander. This Bacchus may be the famous Bakasura who was killed by Bhimasena. This period comes to about 6771 years B.C.
Thus Mahabharat period ranges from 5000 B.C. to 6000 B.C.
SHRIMAD BHAGWAT
_______________
a) Bhagwat gives 28 Kaurava kings from Parikshit to Kshemaka. "From Kshemaka, the Pandava Dynasty will end in
Kaliyug, and Magadha Dynasty will start." [Bhagwad 9_22_45]. This implies that the Pandava kings ruled before the advent of Kaliyug, i.e., before 3101 B.C and Magadha dynasty
will not super_impose the Pandava Dynasty.
b) Further it is stated in
Bhagwat that after 28 Kaurava kings,
Magadha Dynasty would rule and 22 Magadha kings would govern for 1000 years.
Here it is given a average of 1000 years for 22 kings. It can be found that the 28 Kaurava kings would have ruled for 1273 years and then Magadha Dynasty started
with King Sahadeva, whose son was Somapi.
On the other hand, Maghasandhi was the son of Sahadeva and the grand_son
of Jarasandha [Ashwamedh_82]. many scholars have
neglected this fact and have assumed that this Sahadeva fought in the Mahabharat War and was the son of
Jarasandha.
c) Ripunjaya is the last king in the list of 22 Magadhas. But Bhagwat
12.1.2_4 mentions that Puranjaya will be the last king who will be killed by his
minister Shunak. It is to be noted that there is no mention of the kings between Ripunjaya and Puranjaya. People have wrongly
taken the two names as that of one and the same person, without any evidence.
d) Bhagwat 12.1.2_4 state that Shunak would coronate his son Pradyota
as the King and later five Kings would rule for 138 years. After this Pradotya
Dynasty, Shishunga Kings, 10 in number, would rule for 360 years.
Thereafter 9 Nandas would rule for 100 years. Nanda would be destroyed
by a Brahmin and Chandragupta would be enthroned.
We know that Chandragupta Maurya ascended the throne in 324 B.C. So we can thus calculate backwards:
9 Nandas
100 years
10 Shishungas
360 years
5 Pradotyas
138 years
22 Magadhas
1000 years
28 Kauravas
1273 years
___________ __________
74 Kings
2871 years
We find here only 74 kings, but Megasthenes tells us about 138 kings.
So 138_74=64 kings are
missing. These may be from the period between Ripunjaya and Puranjaya. Thus calculating from the data of 74 kings
who ruled for 2871 years, we get a period of 2496 years for 64 kings.
Adding the two we get 5367 years for 138 kings. This is preceding Chandragupta's time, who came
to throne in 324 B.C. Hence, 324+5367 =5691 B.C. is the approximate date of Parikshit.
YUDHISHTIRA ERA AND KALIYUG
___________________________
Scholars accept the date of the Mahabharat War to be 3100 B.C. which
also happens to the initiation of
the Yudhisthira Era. But this Era, is mentioned nowhere in the Mahabharat text itself!
At the time of Aswamedha of Yudhisthira, Vyas has given descriptions in minute detail like collection of "Sruva", formation
of wells and lakes, but never has written even a word about, such an important event,
as the beginning of the Yudhisthira Era.
Mahabharat also never mentions anything about the beginning of the
Kaliyug, even at the time of Krishna's death. Mahabharat Adiparva 2.13 states that the War took place in the interphase ("Antare")
of the Dwapaar and Kali Eras.
Thus it makes it clear that the evening of the Dwapaar has not yet ended and the Kaliyug had not started when the War took
place.
SAPTARISHIS
___________
Bhagwat states at 12.2.27_32 that Saptarishis stay 100 years in one Nakshatra. At the time of King Parikshit, the Saptarishis were
in Magha. When they proceeded to Purvashadha, Kali would start. There
are 11 Nakshatras from Magha to Purvashadha. Hence it is seen that Shukacharya
tells Parikshit that after 1100 years Kaliyug will start.
Kaliyug started at 3101 B.C. Hence 3101 + 1100 = 4201 B.C. is the date of Parikshit.
Other references from Shrimad Bhagwat points quite closely to the same year as above.
But who is this Parikshit ? Is he the son of Abhimanyu ? No. A minute
observation of this reveals that the
above is not Abhimanyu's son because Bhagwat is
told to this Parikshit. On the other hand, Mahabharat is told to Janamejaya.
In the Mahabharat, Parikshit's death has been recorded. Hence it is evident that Mahabharat was written and published
after the death of Parikshit, the son of Abhimanyu. Bhagwat is written after Mahabharat according to the Bhagawat itself.
This Bhagwat is told to some Parikshit. How can this Parikshit be
the son of Abhimanyu who died before the Mahabharat writing ? So this Parikshit appears to be somebody else than Abhimanyu's son.
EQUINOX
_______
Mahabharat mentions
the ancient tradition as 'Shravanadini Nakshatrani',i.e., Shravan Nakshatra was given the first place in the Nakshatra_ cycle (Adi_71/34 and
Ashvamedh 44/2) Vishwamitra started counting the Nakshatras from
Shravan when.he created 'Prati Srushti'.
He was angry with the old customs. So he started some new customs.
Before Vishvamitra's time Nakshatras
were counted from the one which was occupied by the sun on the Vernal Equinox. Vishvamitra changed this fashion
and used diagonally opposite point i.e. Autumnal Equinox to list the Nakshtras.
He gave first place to Shravan which was at the Autumnal Equinox then. The period of Shravan Nakshatra on autumnal equinox
is from 6920 to 7880 years B.C. This was Vishvamitra's period at the end of Treta yuga.
Mahabharat War took place at the end of Dwapar yuga. Subtracting the span
of Dwapar Yuga of 2400 years we get 7880 _ 2400 = 5480 B.C. as the date of Mahabharat War.
ASTROLOGY
_________
Some scholars rely on the horoscope of Lord Krishna to calculate his birth_date so as to establish the period of Mahabharat. But they do not
realise that the horoscope is a forged one, prepared many thousand years after Krishna's death. Mahabharat Bhagvat and Vishnu
purana have not given the planet positions at the time of Krishna's birth. It is well_known and is recorded in many scriptures that Krishna was born in a jail,
then who could have casted his horoscope? Moreover Krishna was not a prince so nobody would have casted his horoscope. Hence it
is not wise to rely on the horoscope. It is prepared recently by considering the charateristics of Krishna and so is useless to fix the birth_date.
Mr. G.S. Sampath Iyengar and
Mr. G.S. Sheshagiri have fixed the birth_date of Krishna as 27th July 3112 BC. 'The horoscope shows Lagna
and Moon 52 deg. 15' Rohini, Jupiter 91
deg. 16' Punarvasu, Sun 148 deg.
15' Uttara Phalguni, Mercury 172 deg. 35' Hasta, Venus 180 deg. 15' Chitra, Saturn 209 deg. .57' Vishakha, Mars 270 deg. 1' Uttara Ashadha Rahu, 160 deg.
1'.
At present on 27th July 1979 the Sun was at 99 deg. 57', while at
Krishna's birth, according to their
opinion, the sun was at 148 deg. 15'. The difference is 48 deg. 18'. This shows that the Sun
has receded back by 48 deg. 18' due to the precession
at the rate of 72 years per degree. multiplying 48 deg. 18' by 72 we get 3456 years.
This shows that Krishna
was born 3456 years ago or substracting 1979 from it we can say that Krishna was born during 1477 BC. Thus 3112 BC is found to be wrong. We cannot accept such a wrong date
derived from a manipulated horoscope. (This horoscope is printed in "The Age of Bharat War" on page 241_Publisher, Motilal Banarasidas 1979).
ARCHEAOLOGY
___________
In 1971, when I hinted at the date of Mahabharat war as 5500 years BC, Archeaologists frowned at me saying it as impossible because no culture was
found in India dating so much back. But
now evidences are pouring in Archeaology itself showing cultures in India upto 30000 to 40000 years BC. Padmashri
Late Mr. V.S. Wakankar has dated the paintings in the caves of Bhimbetaka of
Madhya Pradesh to about 40000 BC.
Recently Dr. S.B. Rao, Emeritus Scientist of the National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, has discovered under the sea, Dwaraka
and dated it as between 5000 to 6000 BC.
This news has been published by all the
leading newspapers on 22th October 1988.
Motilal Banarasidas News Letter October 1988 gives a news on page 6 under the heading "50,000 year
old Relics" as follows:
Spectacular culture and physical relics dating back to 50,000 years BC have
been excavated from the Central Narmada Valley in Madhya
Pradesh. A team of Anthropological
survey of India recently conducted the
excavation. It explored sites in two districts Sebore and Hoshangabad.
In my book "Vastava Ramayan" I have shown the presence of culture in India as far back as 72000 years B.C. This
recent news points to that ancient period. I am sure after some time Arecheaology may get evidence to show the presence of
culture in India 72000 BC.
In Vastava Ramayan I have shown that Bali, the demon king went to south America during 17000 BC
when the vernal equinox was at Moola Nakshatra. MLBD News letter Oct. 1988 gives a news thus
:_"Dravidians in America" _ According to a press report the Brazillian
nuclear physicist and researcher Arysio Nunes dos santos holds that the Dravidians of South India
reached America much before Christopher Columbus.
Mr. Nunes dos Santos, of the'
Federal University of Minas Gerais maintains that the Dravidians colonised a vast South American
region 11000 years before the Europians reached the new world. Vestiges of the Dravidian presence in America, he says, include the strange phonetics of Gourani, Paraguay's
national language. Moreover Bananas, Pine Apple, Cocunut and Cotton,
all grown in India could have been taken to America by those navigators.
THE EXACT DATE OF MAHABHARAT WAR
________________________________
Harivansh (Vishnu Purana A.
5) states that when Nanda carried Krishna to Gokul on Shravan Vadya Navami day, there was dry cow_dung spread all over the ground
and trees were cut down. The presence of
Dry Cowdung all over in Gokul indicates the presence of Summer in the month of
Shravan. Trees are usually cut down in Summer to be used as fuel in the rainy season. The seasons move one month backwards
in two thousand years. Today the rainy season
starts in Jeshtha but two thousand years ago, at the time of KaIidas, rainy
season used to start in Ashadha. At the time of Krishna's birth the Summer was in the month of Shravan while today it is in
Vaishakha. Thus the summer is shifted by four months, hence Krishna's period comes to 4x2000 = 8000 years ago approximately. This
means about 6000 years B.C., the same period we have seen above.
At the time of Mahabharat, the Vernal Equinox was at Punarvasu. Next
to Punarvasu is Pushya Nakshtra.
Vyas used "Pushyadi Ganana" for his Sayan method, and called Nirayan Pushya as Sayan Ashvini.
He shifted the names of further Sayan Nakshtras accordingly. At that time Winter Solstice was on Revati, so Vyas gave the next
Nakshatra Ashvini the first
palee in the Nirayan list of Nakshatras. Thus he used Ashvinyadi Ganana for the Nirayan method. Using at times Sayan names and
at times Nirayan names of the Nakshatras, Vyas prepared the riddles. By the clue that Nirayan Pushya means Sayan Ashvini,
it is seen that Nirayan names of Nakshatras are eight Nakshatras ahead of the Sayan names Thus the Saturn in Nirayan Purva, and Sayan Rohini, Jupiter was
in Nirayan Shravan, and Sayan Swati (near Vishakha), while the Mars was in Nirayan Anuradha, and Sayan
Magha, Rahu was between Chitra and Swati,
by Sayan way means it was in Nirayana. Uttara Ashadha (8 Nakshtras ahead).
From these positions of the major planets we can calculated the exact date. My procedure is as follows:
I found out that on 5th May 1950, the Saturn was in Purva Phalguni. From 1950 I deducted 29.45 years to get the year 1920 when the Saturn was again in Purva.
In this way I prepared a vertical column
of the years when the Saturn was
in Purva. Similarly, I prepared vertical columns of the years when the Jupiter
was in Shravan and Rahu in Uttara Ashadha. Then I searched in horizontally
to find out the year common in all the three columns. It was 5561_62 B.C. when all the three great planets were at the required
places. Then I proceded for the detailed calculations.
Bhisma expired at the onset of Uttarayan i.e. on 22nd December. This is a fixed point according to the
modern Scientific Calendar. He was on the arrow_bed for 58 nights and he had
fought for ten days. Hence 68 days earlier than 22nd December the War had
started. This shows that the War started on 16th October. We have to calculate
the planetary positions of 16th October 5561 B.C.
SATURN
______
Encyclopedia of Astronomy by Larousse states that one rotation of Saturn takes 26 years and 166 days.
One year means 365.25 days. So the Saturn's round takes 29.4544832 years.
5th May 1950, Saturn conjugated with Purva. We have to see its position in 5561 years B.C. 5561+1950 = 7511 years. 7511 divided by 29.4544832 gives 255.00362 rounds. This means
that Saturn completed 255 rounds and has gone ahead by 0.00362 or 1.3 degrees. Hence Saturn was in conjugation
with Purva on 5th May 5561 B.C. On 16th October' 5562nd B.C. i.e. 164 days later it must have travelled (0.0334597
degrees (daily pace) multiplied by 164
days =) 5.487 degrees. So Saturn was at 141 degrees or in Purva Nakshatra.
In October 1962, Saturn was at 281 dgrs. 1962 + 5561 = 7523 years.
7523 devided by 29.4544832 gives 255.41103 turns. After
completing 255 full turns, Saturn has gone back by 0.411003 turn i.e. 148 dgrs. 281_148= 133 degrs. This was the
position of Saturn in Purva.
Calculating from 1931 or 1989 also Saturn appears at 141 dgrs. in Purva. Thus on 16th of October
5562nd B.C. Saturn was in Purva as told by Vyas in Mahabharat.
RAHU
____
Rahu takes 18.5992 years per rotation. It was at 132 dgrs. on 16th
Oct. 1979. 1979 + 5561 = 7540, divided by 18.5992 gives 405.39378 turns. 0.39378 turns means 141.7 dgrs. Rahu
always goes in reverse direction. We have to go in the past, so adding 141.7 to orginal 132 we get 273 dgrs. This is Uttarashadha where Rahu was situated (by Nirayan method).
Calculations from 1989, 1962 and 1893 confirm Rahu in Uttara Ashadha.
JUPITER
_______
Jupiter takes 11.863013 years per rotation. On 16th October 1979, it was at
129 dgrs. 1979+5561 = 7540. 7540 divided by 1.863013 gives 635.58892 turns. 0.58892 turn means 212 dgrs. So Jupiter was 212 dgrs behind the orginal position.
129 _ 212 = _83. _83 means 360 _ 83 = 277 degree 277 dgrs is the position of
the star of Shravan. So Jupiter was in conjugation with Shravan. The span
of Shravan is 280 deg. to 293 deg.
Calculations from 1989, 1932 and 1977 show Jupiter in 285 and 281
degrees or in the zone of Shravan. This confirms the position told by Vyas.
MARS
____
Mars takes 1.88089 years per rotation. On 16th October 1979, Mars
was at 108 dgrs. 1979 +
5561 = 7540 yrs. 7540 divided by 1.88089 gives 4008.7405 turns.
0.7405 turns means 266 dgrs., Mars was 266 dgrs behind the original position
of 108 deg. 108 _ 266 = 158. 360 _ 158 =202 deg. This is just beyond the star
of Vishakha which is at 200 dgrs. Though in Vishakha_zone Mars has crossed the Star of Vishakha and intends to go in Anuradha,
so the description of Vyas as "Anuradham
Prarthayate" that it requests or appeals Anuradha, appears to be correct.
Calculations from 1962 and 1900 show Mars at 206 and' 208 dgrs and
therefore though in Vishakha, it
can be called as appealing Anuradha "Anuradham Prarthayate". Thus it is seen that Vyas has used tricky but correct terms. He has not written any false statement because he was
the Truth_abiding Sage.
HELIOCENTRIC AND GEOCENTRIC
___________________________
Here an expert may raise a question whether I have used Heliocentric method or
Geocentric method. I make
it clear here that I have used the Heliocentric method that means I have considered the rotations of planets around the Sun. But after fixing the position of the planet around the Sun I have also seen where
that planet will be seen from the earth.
I would like the scholars to consider one more point here. When I
say that an insect is sitting near one o' clock position on your watch or clock,
one may think that the insect is between 12 and 1 while other may think that it is between 1 and 2. So the span to
find that insect is from 12 to 2. Similarly
Vyas has mentioned the Nakshatra in the vicinity of the planet and therefore we have a scope of one Nakshatra on either side to find out the planet. Thus if our answer is between +13 deg. and _13 deg. from the given position we are successful. In my calculations I have achieved the perfect positions, but
by chance, somebody gets a different
position he is requested to consider a span of _,+ 13 degrees. The positions given by other scholars are far away than the positions recorded by Vyas, so they are not acceptable.
I request the scholars, to be careful while doing calculations not to
take a retrograde position of the present planet, because that may give a false
position. Please note that all the planets become retrograde only apparently
when our earth is approaching them. We need not consider their retrograde motion
each year because their rotational periods around the Sun are fixed and in that they
are seen retrograde from the earth apparently. We have to see if the last position
of the planet is retrograde. This can be done easily by considering the position of the Sun and planet. Any external planet becomes retrograde
when it is in the house from 5th to 9th from the Sun.
LEAP YEAR
_________
Please note that i have taken 365.25 days for a solar year. It covers
the general leap years, but it does not take into account the leap years abandoned
at centuries. At the interval of 400 years leap years are taken according to the modern scientific calendar. If these
century years are considered, there may be an error of 50 days in 7500 years duration. As for dates these 50 days are automatically
accounted for because we have taken the winter solstice as fixed on 22nd December, and it is
referred by Vyas, while describing Bhishma's death. As far as the planets like Saturn, Rahu and Jupiter are concerned 50 days are immaterial because
in 50 days the Saturn will move only 1.6 deg. while Jupiter 4.1 deg. as an average. Hence their error is negligible.
Now, we have seen that all the four important planets satisfy their positions
as told by Vyas on 16th October
5562nd B.C. Hence we have no other way but to accept this date as the exact date of Mahabharat War.
Please note that, so far,
not a single Scholar has shown a date with the planetary positions satisfying the description by Vyas in
Mahabharat. Late Mr. C. V. Vaidya and Prof. Apte show 3102 B.C., but their Mars is in Ashadha,
Jupiter is in Revati, Saturn in Shatataraka and Rahu in Jeshtha. Prof. K. Shrinivasraghavan,
Mr. Sampat Ayangar and Sheshagiri show 3067 B.C. but they put Jupiter and Saturn
in Rohini and Sun, Rahu, Mars in Jeshtha.
Garga, Varahmihir and Tarangini show 2526 Before Shaka i.e. 2449 B.C. But their Mars comes in Dhanishtha, Jupiter and Saturn in Bharani and Rahu in Hasta.
P.C. Sengupta gives 2448 with Saturn 356 deg., Jupiter 8 deg., Mars 157 deg., Venus 200 deg., Sun 200
deg., (Ancient Indian chronology" Calcutta University). The Western scholars as well as Romeshchandra Datta and S. B. Roy show 1424 B.C. but their Saturn is
in Shatataraka, Jupiter in Chitra, Rahu in Purva and Sun in Anuradha with no eclipse. Billandi Ayer shows 1193 years B.C. but his Mars comes in Mula, Jupiter in Purva Bhadrapada, Saturn
in Purva Ashadha and Rahu in Punarvasu. At 900 B.C. as is proposed by many other scholars, Jupiter comes in Mula, Rahu in Vishakha and Saturn in Jeshtha. Thus not a single scholar could coroborate his date with the facts written by Vyas.Hence,
their dates have to be dismissed. (C. V. Vaidya's Upasamhar page 94." Age of Mahabharat War").
I have shown all the planetary positions correct to the description of Mahabharat.
In addition I have shown
that the seasons tally with my date, and the seasons never tally with other dates. I have solved all the planetary riddles from Mahabharat which nobody could dare. So 16th October 5562nd BC. is the exact date of the first day of the
Mahabharat War. At the beginning
of the War, Vyas promised Dhrutarashtra that he will write history of the
Kauravas; so most probably
Vyas must have written the Astronomical data immediately.
URANUS (known to Vyas in 5561 B.C)
__________________________________
All the planets, viz., Sun, Moon, Mars, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn and
Rahu show correct positions mentioned
in the Mahabharat on 16th
December 5561 B.C. This must be the exact date of the Mahabharat War.
After pin_pointing the exact date, it struck to me that the three additional planets mentioned with positions by Vyas, may be Uranus,
Neptune and Pluto. Vyas has named
them as Shveta, Shyama and Teevra.
Let us see if the conjecture is correct. We have to prove this with the help of Mathematics, because we have to go scientifically.
Vishesheena hi Vaarshneya Chitraam Pidayate Grahah....[10_Udyog.143]
Shevtograhastatha Chitraam Samitikryamya Tishthati....[12_Bheeshma.3]
In these two stanzas, Vyas states that some greenish white (Shveta) planet has crossed Chitra. This means that
the planet was in Swati (or Vishakha, because Chitra and Swati are close together).
This is the Sayan position hence Nirayan position is eight Nakshatras ahead in Shravan (or Dhanishtha). Neelakantha calls this
"Mahapata" which means having greater orbit. Greater orbit indicates a planet
beyond Saturn.
Hence I assumed Shveta to be Uranus. Let us calculate and see if this
true.
In October 1979, Uranus was at 206 degrees. Uranus takes 84.01 years per rotation. 1979 + 5561 = 7540. 7540/84.01 = 89.75122 turns. 0.75122
rotation means 270.4392 degrees. 206_270 = _64 = 296 degrees. This
comes in the zone of Dhanishtha, but the star of Dhanishtha is at
297
degrees, so the position given by Vyas is confirmed. Hence Shveta must
be Uranus.
In October 1883, Uranus was at 151 degrees. 1883 + 5561 = 7444 years.
7444/84.01 = 86.608498 rotations. 0.608498 turn means 219 degrees.
151_219 = 292 degrees. This is Shravan Nakshatra. So Uranus was in
Shravan during Mahabharat War as stated
by Vyas under the name of "Shveta".
1930 calculations show Uranus to be at 292.54 degrees or Shravan. Thus our
mathematics proves that Vyas has given correct position of Uranus under the name of Shveta. This proves that Vyas had
the knowledge of Uranus under the name of Shveta, supposed to have recently discovered by Herschel in 1781. Shveta means greenish
white. Uranus is actually greenish white in colour. So Vyas must have seen Uranus with this own eyes. Uranus is of 6th
magnitude and is visible to the naked eye according to the modern science.
Neelakantha of 17th century also
had the knowledge of Uranus or
Shveta. He writes in his commentary on Mahabharat (Udyog 143) that Shveta, or Mahapata was a famous planet in the Astronomical
science of India. Neelakantha was about 100
years before Herschel, who supposedly discovered Uranus. So we can conclude that one hundred years before Herschel, Uranus was known to the
Indian Astronomers and Vyas had discovered it at or before 5561 year B.C.
NEPTUNE (was known to Vyas in 5561 B.C.)
________________________________________
In 1781 A.D., Herschel discovered Uranus; but its calculated positions never
corroborated with the actual positions. So the experts thought of another
planet beyond Uranus. They fixed its position by mathematics, and at that site,
it was discovered by German Astronomers in 1846 A.D. I have found that Neptune is also mentioned by Vyas in Mahabharat, under the name of
"Shyama".
Shukrahah Prosthapade Poorve Samaruhya Virochate Uttare tu Parikramya
Sahitah Samudikshyate....[15_Bheeshma.3]
Shyamograhah Prajwalitah Sadhooma iva Pavakah Aaindram Tejaswi Naksha_
tram Jyesthaam Aakramya Tishthati...[16_Bheeshma.3]
Here Vyas says that there was some luminary with Venus in Poorva Bhadrapada. He adds
further that a bluish white (Shyama) planet was in Jyeshtha and it was smoky
(Sadhoom). Saayan Jyeshta means Nirayan Poorva Bhadrapada, so this is the description of one and the same
planet named by Vyas as Shyama. Neelkantha calls it "Parigha" in his commentary on Mahabharat. Parigha means circumference,
so this planet may be at the circumference of our solar system.; and so may be Neptune. Let us see by Mathematics
is this statement is true. We will determine the position of Neptune on 16th December 5561 B.C.
Neptune takes 164.78 years per rotation. It was at 234 degrees in 1979. 1979 + 5561 = 7540 years. 7540
divided by 164.78 gives 45.75798 rotations. 0.75798 turn means 272.87 degrees.
234 _ 272.87 = _38.87 = 321.13 degrees. This is the site of Poorva Bhadrapada.
So Neptune was in Poorva_Bhadrapada during 5561 B.C.
In 1948, Neptune was at 172 degres. 1948 + 5561 = 7509. 7509/164.78 gives
45.56985 turns. 0.56985 turn
means 205 degrees. 172_205 = _33 =360_33 = 327 deg. This is the zone of Poorva Bhadrapada.
In 1879, Neptune was at 20 degrees. 1879 + 5561 = 7440 years. 7440
divided by 164.78 gives 45.15111 turns. 0.15111 turn means 54.39 deg.
20 _ 54.39 = _34.39 = 360 _ 34.39 = 325.61 degrees. This is Poorva_Bhadrapada.
Thus the position of Shyama or Parigha is factually proved in the case of
Neptune. Thus, we conclude that Vyas did know Neptune too. Vyas might have got his knowledge by Yogic Power or by Mathematics or by
using telescopic lenses. Mathematics was far advanced then, that is why ancient Indian sages fixed the rate of precession of Equinoxes accurately. Even the world famous scientist Gamov praised the sages for their
remarkable work in Mathematics. So could have mathematically calculated the position of Shyama or Neptune.
Mirrors are mentioned in the Mahabharat. So lenses too might have been present
at that time. They had Microscopic Vision (Shanti A. 15,308). As microscopic vision was present, there might be telescopes too.
Planets can be seen with mirrors as well as lenses.
Vyas must have "seen" Neptune; its proof lies in the fact that he says that it is bluish white (Shyama). Neptune is, in fact, bluish white in colour.
Hence we conclude that Neptune was known to Vyas in 5561 B.C.
PLUTO (was also known to Vyas in 5561 B.C)
__________________________________________
Krittikaam Peedayan Teekshnaihi Nakshatram......[30_Bheeshma.3]
Vyas states that there was one Nakshatra, i.e, some immobile liminary
troubling Krittika (Pleides) with its sharp rays. This "star" in Krittika must have been some "planet". It must have been stationary for many years, that
is why Vyas called it Nakshatra which means a thing that does not move according to Mahabharat
itself [Na Ksharati Iti Makshatram]
Hence the Nakshatra was a planet moving very slowly like pluto which takes nine years to cross one Nakshatra of 13 degrees. My assumption that this Nakshatra was Pluto gets confirmed by B.O.R.I (Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute?) Edition which states thus :
Krittikasu Grahasteevro
Nakshatre Prathame Jvalan...... [26_
Bhishma.3]
Some editions mention 'Grahasteekshnah'. Thus Teevra, Teekshana and Nakshatra are the names of one and the same planet (graha) which was in Krittlka in 5561 B.C. Let us see if Vyas has given these names to Pluto and if Pluto
was in Krittika. It is stated that Krittika was troubled with sharp rays by that
planet _ this indicates that it was
Nirayan Krittika.
Pluto was at 175 degrees in 1979. It takes 248 years per rotation.
1979+5561=7540 years.
7540 divided by 248 gives 30.403223 turns.
0.403223 turn means 145 degrees. 175 _ 145 = 30 degrees. This is the site of Krittika. Thus it is proved beyond doubt that Vyas bas mentioned
the position of Pluto, which was discovered to the modern world in 1930.
Vyas could have used his Yogic Vision or mathematical brain or a lens or some other device to
discover Teevra, Teekshna' or Nakshatra or Pluto.
Thus all the three so_called 'New' planets are discovered from Mahabharat. It is usually held that before the discovery of Herschel in 1781 AD, only five planets were known to the world. This belief is wrong because Vyas has mentioned 'seven Great planets', three times
in Mahabharat.
Deepyamanascha Sampetuhu Divi Sapta Mahagrahah....[2_Bhishma.17]
This stanza states that the seven great planets were brilliant and
shining; so Rahu and Ketu are
out of question. Rahu and Ketu are described as Graha' 23 meaning Nodal points. (Parus means a node).
Evidently Rahu and Ketu are not included in these seven great planets. The Moon also is not included, because
it was not visible on that day of Amavasya with Solar Eclipse. From the positions
discovered by me and given by Vyas it is seen that Mars, Sun, Mercury, Jupiter, Uranus, Venus
and Neptune were the seven great planets accumulated in a small field extending from Anuradha to Purva Bhadrapada.
So they appeared to Ved_Vyas as colliding with each other, during total solar eclipse.
Nissaranto Vyadrushanta Suryaat Sapta Mahagrahah....[4_Karna 37].
This stanza clearly states that these seven great planets were 'seen'
moving away from the Sun. As these
are 'seen', Rahu and Ketu are out of question. This is the statement of sixteenth day of the
War, naturally the Moon has moved away from the Sun. Hence, Moon,
Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Uranus, Venus and Neptune are the seven great
planets mentioned by Vyas.
Praja Samharane Rajan Somam Sapta grahah Iva......[22_Drona 37].
Here again seven planets are mentioned, excluding the Moon.
Even if we do not consider the planetary positions, from the above
three stanzas, it is clear that
seven planets are mentioned which do not include the Sun, Moon, Rahu and Ketu. Naturally
the conclusion is inevitable that Vyas did know Uranus (Shveta) and Neptune (Shyama)
as planets.
If they were known from 5561 years B.C. then why they got forgotten ?
The answer is simple, that these two planets, Uranus and Neptune
were not useful in predicting the future of a person. So they lost importance and in the course of time they were totally forgotten.
But, in any case, Neelakantha from
17th century knew these two planets very weIl. Neelakantha is about
a hundered years ancient than Herschel, and he writes that Mahapata (Uranus)
is a famous planet in the Astronomical science of India. He also mentions the planet 'Parigha' i.e. Neptune. 22 So
both were known in India, at least one
Hundred years before Herschel. Vyas is 7343 years ancient than Herschel,
but
still he knew all the three planets Uranus, Neptune and Pluto.
Other points supporting the date 16th October
5562nd B.C.
______________________________________________________________________
Kshaya or Vishvaghasra Paksha
_____________________________
A fortnight of only thirteen days is told by Vyasa which occured just
before the great War. Such a fortnight comes at the interval of 22 years. Calculations show that at 5562nd B.C. Kshaya Paksha did occur.
It had occured in 1962 and 1940.
1962+5562 = 7524 is completely divisible by 22.
Amavasya confirmed
__________________
Krishna and Karna fixed the day of War on Amavasya (Udyog 142). Vyas also indicates in Bhishma 2 & 3 that the War started on the day second Amayasya,
because two successive Amavasyas appeared then. Bhishma died on the day after 67 (58+9) nights from the onset of the War, on the
occasion Uttarayan i.e. 22nd December. So the War must have commenced on 16th
October. Let us see if Amavasya comes on this day.
